Description_x000D_ General description_x000D_ Human albumin is encoded by ALB gene that is mapped to human chromosome 4q. The gene is developmentally regulated and is synthesized by the liver. The encoded protein has a molar mass of 65,000 Da and consists of a single polypeptide chain of 585 amino acids._x000D_ Application_x000D_ Albumin has been used in ion exchange chromatography to compare the albumin isolated from whole human plasma. It has been used to bind to phage clones in phage binding assay._x000D_ Biochem/physiol Actions_x000D_ Human albumin is a globular unglycosylated serum protein that makes up for more than half of the total plasma or serum proteins. It functions in the maintenance of COP (cellular oncotic pressure). It binds to hydrophobic organic anions such as, bilirubin, long-chain fatty acids and haematin and some cations such as magnesium and calcium. It also serves as a secondary or tertiary carrier for steroids, vitamin D and thyroxine. It is involved in the catabolism of prostaglandins and metabolism of certain endogenous substances, such as lipids, and eicosanoids. It acts as a plasma buffer and scavenges oxygen free radicals, thus reducing the pathological effects of certain inflammatory diseases. Mutation in the gene coding for albumin leads to familial dysalbuminaemic hyperthyroidism._x000D_ Physical form_x000D_ Lyophilized as a salt free solid.