Description_x000D_ General description_x000D_ B4GALT1 (UDP-Gal:βGlcNAc β 1,4- galactosyltransferase, polypeptide 1) belongs to a family of type II transmembrane proteins called glycosyltransferases, which resides in Golgi apparatus. This family consists of seven members, from GALT1 to GALT7. B4GALT1 has two isoforms, having different cellular locations, because of differences in their cytoplasmic domains. The long isoform is localized to the cell surface, whereas the short isoform is found in the Golgi apparatus. This gene is located on human chromosome 9p13, and codes for a protein containing 398 amino acids. It is expressed in most tissues, excluding adult brain and fetal heart and brain._x000D_ Immunogen_x000D_ β-1,4-Galactosyltransferase 1 recombinant protein epitope signature tag (PrEST)_x000D_ Application_x000D_ All Prestige Antibodies Powered by Atlas Antibodies are developed and validated by the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) project (www.proteinatlas.org)and as a result, are supported by the most extensive characterization in the industry._x000D_ The Human Protein Atlas project can be subdivided into three efforts: Human Tissue Atlas, Cancer Atlas, and Human Cell Atlas. The antibodies that have been generated in support of the Tissue and Cancer Atlas projects have been tested by immunohistochemistry against hundreds of normal and disease tissues and through the recent efforts of the Human Cell Atlas project, many have been characterized by immunofluorescence to map the human proteome not only at the tissue level but now at the subcellular level. These images and the collection of this vast data set can be viewed on the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) site by clicking on the Image Gallery link. To view these protocols and other useful information about Prestige Antibodies and the HPA, visit sigma.com/prestige._x000D_ Physical form_x000D_ Solution in phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.2, containing 40% glycerol and 0.02% sodium azide_x000D_ Disclaimer_x000D_ Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals._x000D_ Legal Information_x000D_ Prestige Antibodies is a registered trademark of Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC_x000D_ Biochem/physiol Actions_x000D_ B4GALT1 (UDP-Gal:βGlcNAc β 1,4- galactosyltransferase, polypeptide 1) is responsible for the synthesis of galactose β-1,4-N-acetylglucosamine (Galβ1-4GlcNAc) groups on glycoproteins, on their N-linked sugar chains. This is performed by the short isoform of B4GALT1, which resides in Golgi bodies. The long isoform, localized to the cell surface, helps in cell adhesion, by interacting with N-acetylglucosamine containing oligosaccharides, which are found in the extracellular matrix. In patients with rheumatoid arthritis, it is involved in the inflammatory response in the synovial tissue. B4GALT1 plays an important role in the proliferation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells, by interacting with estrogen receptor. It is methylated and down-regulated in colorectal cancer patients, and hence, can act as a marker of invasive phenotype of colorectal cancer._x000D_ Features and Benefits_x000D_ Prestige Antibodies® are highly characterized and extensively validated antibodies with the added benefit of all available characterization data for each target being accessible via the Human Protein Atlas portal linked just below the product name at the top of this page. The uniqueness and low cross-reactivity of the Prestige Antibodies® to other proteins are due to a thorough selection of antigen regions, affinity purification, and stringent selection. Prestige antigen controls are available for every corresponding Prestige Antibody and can be found in the linkage section._x000D_ Every Prestige Antibody is tested in the following ways:_x000D_ • IHC tissue array of 44 normal human tissues and 20 of the most common cancer type tissues._x000D_ • Protein array of 364 human recombinant protein fragments._x000D_ • Validated for multiple commonly used applications such as IHC (Immunohistochemistry), IF (Immunofluorescence), and WB (Western Blot)_x000D_ Linkage_x000D_ Corresponding Antigen APREST71675.