Description_x000D_ General description_x000D_ PYY (peptide YY) is a hunger suppressing hormone, composed of 36 amino acids. It is secreted in the mucosa of rectum, colon and distal ileum. Studies show that it is also found on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). PYY was initially isolated from the gut of pig, and shares high similarity with neuropeptide Y (NPY) and pancreatic polypeptide (PP). It has a molecular weight of 4307Da. This gene resides on human chromosome 17q21.1._x000D_ Immunogen_x000D_ Peptide YY Precursor recombinant protein epitope signature tag (PrEST)_x000D_ Application_x000D_ All Prestige Antibodies Powered by Atlas Antibodies are developed and validated by the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) project (www.proteinatlas.org)and as a result, are supported by the most extensive characterization in the industry._x000D_ The Human Protein Atlas project can be subdivided into three efforts: Human Tissue Atlas, Cancer Atlas, and Human Cell Atlas. The antibodies that have been generated in support of the Tissue and Cancer Atlas projects have been tested by immunohistochemistry against hundreds of normal and disease tissues and through the recent efforts of the Human Cell Atlas project, many have been characterized by immunofluorescence to map the human proteome not only at the tissue level but now at the subcellular level. These images and the collection of this vast data set can be viewed on the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) site by clicking on the Image Gallery link. To view these protocols and other useful information about Prestige Antibodies and the HPA, visit sigma.com/prestige._x000D_ Physical form_x000D_ Solution in phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.2, containing 40% glycerol and 0.02% sodium azide_x000D_ Disclaimer_x000D_ Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals._x000D_ Legal Information_x000D_ Prestige Antibodies is a registered trademark of Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC_x000D_ Biochem/physiol Actions_x000D_ PYY (peptide YY) regulates body mass index and body weight, where decreased levels of PYY are associated with obesity and increased BMI. It decreases hunger and food intake, gastrointestinal motility and hormone secretion by pancreas. It also plays a role in regulating energy homeostasis. Studies suggest that its expression is decreased under pro-inflammatory stimuli, and during the differentiation of monocytes to macrophages. PYY concentrations are also reduced in women with high dietary cognitive restraint (CR) as opposed to women with normal CR. This peptide is altered in various gastrointestinal disorders, and might be one of the causes of chronic idiopathic slow transit constipation (CST). It might also be responsible for the symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease and gastroenteropathy due to long-standing diabetes. However, in some gastrointestinal disorder it might have a positive role, as in the case of systemic sclerosis, celiac disease, and post-intestinal resection state._x000D_ Features and Benefits_x000D_ Prestige Antibodies® are highly characterized and extensively validated antibodies with the added benefit of all available characterization data for each target being accessible via the Human Protein Atlas portal linked just below the product name at the top of this page. The uniqueness and low cross-reactivity of the Prestige Antibodies® to other proteins are due to a thorough selection of antigen regions, affinity purification, and stringent selection. Prestige antigen controls are available for every corresponding Prestige Antibody and can be found in the linkage section._x000D_ Every Prestige Antibody is tested in the following ways:_x000D_ • IHC tissue array of 44 normal human tissues and 20 of the most common cancer type tissues._x000D_ • Protein array of 364 human recombinant protein fragments._x000D_ • Validated for multiple commonly used applications such as IHC (Immunohistochemistry), IF (Immunofluorescence), and WB (Western Blot)_x000D_ Linkage_x000D_ Corresponding Antigen APREST71923.