Description_x000D_ General description_x000D_ Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 is a member of the TGF-β superfamily of cytokines that affect bone and cartilage formation. It is important for skeletal development during embryogenesis. BMP-2 induces chondrocyte formation, osteoblast differentiation, and is involved in embryo dorsal-ventral patterning and organogenesis._x000D_ Packaging_x000D_ 10 μg in poly bottle_x000D_ Biochem/physiol Actions_x000D_ It has been reported that Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP-2) inhibits estradiol induced proliferation of human breast cancer cells. BMP-2 signaling mediates apoptosis by activation of the TAK1-p38 kinase pathway that is negatively regulated by Smad6. Cellular responses to BMP-2 are mediated by the formation of hetero-oligomeric complexes of type I and type II serine/threonine kinase receptors, which play significant roles in BMP binding and signaling. One BMP type II receptor and two BMP type I receptors have been identified. Both BMP type I receptors bind BMP-2 with high-affinity in the absence of BMP receptor type II._x000D_ Preparation Note_x000D_ This Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP-2) is produced from a DNA sequence encoding the human BMP-2 protein, expressed in HEK 293 cells. It is a glycosylated homodimer linked by a single disulfide bond with an apparent molecular mass of 30-38 kDa._x000D_ Analysis Note_x000D_ The specific activity was determined by its ability to induce alkaline phosphatase production in a dose response to BMP-2 in the ATDC-5 cell line (mouse chondrogenic cell line)._x000D_ Legal Information_x000D_ HumanKine is a registered trademark of HumanZyme Inc.