Description_x000D_ General description_x000D_ Choline is a constituent of sphingomyelin and lecithin. It is a precursor of acetylcholine. Choline plays a vital role in methyl group metabolism, carcinogenesis and lipid transport. Choline deficiency is associated with fatty liver. It maintains cell structural integrity and cell signalling. Choline is implicated in the synthesis of phospholipids. It acts as a potent biomarker for ischemic heart disease._x000D_ Application_x000D_ Choline chloride has been used:_x000D_ • in choline release assay_x000D_ • as an endogenous agonist of sigma-1 receptors (Sig-1Rs)_x000D_ • as a standard to analyse interrelationships between methionine and choline metabolism_x000D_ Packaging_x000D_ 10 mg in autosample vial_x000D_ 5, 25, 100 g in glass bottle_x000D_ Biochem/physiol Actions_x000D_ Choline is an essential nutrient, commonly grouped with the B complex vitamins, that plays key roles in many biological processes._x000D_ The enzymatic activities of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and paraoxonase 1 (PON1), two serum enzymes synthesized by the liver and related with inflammation, were decreased in a sepsis animal model injected with LPS. Choline chloride administered intravenously at 20 mg/kg body weight prevents the LPS-mediated decreases in the activities of these two enzymes ._x000D_ Substrates_x000D_ Choline acetyltransferase substrate