Description_x000D_ General description_x000D_ Chemical structure: ß-lactam_x000D_ Application_x000D_ Dicloxacillin is a β-lactamase resistant penicillin similar to oxacillin. Dicloxacillin has in vitro activity against gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. It is resistant to penicillinase. It is used to study bacterial cell wall biosynthesis at the level of peptidogylcan cross-linking and to study mechanisms of penicillinase (β-lactamase) resistance. It is used to study phenylbutazone plasma binding and extracellular and intracellular killing of Staphylococcus aureus_x000D_ Biochem/physiol Actions_x000D_ Docloxacillin binds to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) in the bacterial cell wall and therefore inhibits the last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cell lysis, mediated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes, is the result. Dicloxacillin may interfere with autolysin inhibitors .