Description General description Recombinant, mouse granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor expressed in E. coli. Pleiotropic cytokine that can stimulate the proliferation, maturation, and function of hematopoietic cells. Reported to improve the response rate to antibiotic therapy in cancer subjects. Activates JAK2 in a variety of cells. Recombinant, mouse granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor expressed in E. coli. Pleiotropic cytokine that stimulates the proliferation, maturation, and function of hematopoietic cells. Reported to improve the response rate to antibiotic therapy in cancer subjects. Activates JAK2 in a variety of cells. Target cells include macrophages, granulocytes, and eosinophils. GM-CSF is produced by many cell types, including endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and T-lymphocytes. It can be extracted from most tissues in concentrations exceeding that of serum levels. While many cells produce GM-CSF constitutively, levels of this lymphokine increase rapidly in response to endotoxin, phorbol esters, and certain antigens. Packaging 10 μg in Plastic ampoule Biochem/physiol Actions ED₅₀ = 100-300 pg/ml as measured in a cell proliferation assay using a factor-dependent cell line, DA-3 Warning Toxicity: Standard Handling (A) Physical form Lyophilized from sterile-filtered PBS containing 50 µg BSA/µg GM-CSF. Reconstitution Following reconstitution, aliquot and freeze (-70°C) for long term storage or refrigerate (4°C) for short term storage. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles of solutions. Stock solutions are stable for 3 months at 4°C. Reconstitute to a concentration of ≥10 µg/ml with sterile PBS containing ≥0.1% HSA or BSA. Other Notes Anaissie, E.J., et al. 1996. Am. J. Med. 100, 15. Watanabe, S., et al. 1996. J. Biol. Chem.271, 12681. Moore, M.A. 1991. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 9, 159. Nicola, N.A. 1989. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 58, 45. Gough, N.M., et al. 1985. EMBO J. 4, 645.; Description