Description_x000D_ General description_x000D_ The gene S-100 β subunit (S100B) is a 21kDa acidic protein. It is encoded by the gene mapped to human chromosome 21q22.3. The gene codes for a calcium-binding protein and is a member of S100 family of calcium-binding proteins. The encoded protein is produced predominantly by astrocytes. S100B is a homodimer with two β subunits._x000D_ Immunogen_x000D_ S100 calcium binding protein B_x000D_ Application_x000D_ All Prestige Antibodies Powered by Atlas Antibodies are developed and validated by the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) project (www.proteinatlas.org)and as a result, are supported by the most extensive characterization in the industry. The Human Protein Atlas project can be subdivided into three efforts: Human Tissue Atlas, Cancer Atlas, and Human Cell Atlas. The antibodies that have been generated in support of the Tissue and Cancer Atlas projects have been tested by immunohistochemistry against hundreds of normal and disease tissues and through the recent efforts of the Human Cell Atlas project, many have been characterized by immunofluorescence to map the human proteome not only at the tissue level but now at the subcellular level. These images and the collecation of this vast data set can be viewed on the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) site by clicking on the Image Gallery link. To view these protocols and other useful information about Prestige Antibodies and the HPA, visit sigma.com/prestige._x000D_ Monoclonal Anti-S100B antibody produced in mouse has been used in immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence studies._x000D_ Physical form_x000D_ 40% glycerol and PBS (pH 7.2). 0.02% sodium azide is added as preservative._x000D_ Disclaimer_x000D_ Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals._x000D_ Legal Information_x000D_ Prestige Antibodies is a registered trademark of Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC_x000D_ Biochem/physiol Actions_x000D_ S-100 β subunit (S100B) exerts paracrine and autocrine effects on neurons and glia. At nanomolar concentrations, the encoded protein promotes neurite outgrowth and increases survival of neurons during development. S100B serves as a marker of melanocyte cytotoxicity. In addition, it also acts as a serum marker in endocrine resistant breast cancer and Nonsegmental Vitiligo. Decreased expression of S100B has been observed in chronic liver disease patients._x000D_ Features and Benefits_x000D_ Prestige Antibodies® are highly characterized and extensively validated antibodies with the added benefit of all available characterization data for each target being accessible via the Human Protein Atlas portal linked just below the product name at the top of this page. The uniqueness and low cross-reactivity of the Prestige Antibodies® to other proteins are due to a thorough selection of antigen regions, affinity purification, and stringent selection. Prestige antigen controls are available for every corresponding Prestige Antibody and can be found in the linkage section._x000D_ Every Prestige Antibody is tested in the following ways:_x000D_ • IHC tissue array of 44 normal human tissues and 20 of the most common cancer type tissues._x000D_ • Protein array of 364 human recombinant protein fragments._x000D_ • Validated for multiple commonly used applications such as IHC (Immunohistochemistry), IF (Immunofluorescence), and WB (Western Blot)