Description_x000D_ Application_x000D_ Palmitic acid has been used:_x000D_ • as a medium supplement in chorionic villous tissue culture form placenta_x000D_ • as a component of hormone pellet for implantation in mice ovary_x000D_ • for inducing expression of immunity-related GTPase M (IRGM) in human monocytic cell line, THP-1_x000D_ Packaging_x000D_ 10, 25, 100 g in poly bottle_x000D_ Biochem/physiol Actions_x000D_ Palmitic acid (PA) is a component of membrane phospholipids (PL) and adipose triacylglycerols (TAG). Elevated levels of palmitic acid contributes to the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative diseases, obesity and cancer. PA promotes apoptosis in the endothelial cell by modulating the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and favors expression of TNF-α and reactive oxygen species accumulation. PA promotes interleukin 8 (IL-8) synthesis in hepatocytes contributing to hepatic inflammation. PA by interacting with toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) induces inflammatory injury in cardiomyoctes._x000D_ Palmitic acid is a straight-chain 16-carbon fatty acid. Diets rich in palmitic acid, along with lauric and myristic acids, are associated with increased serum levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Palmitic acid is the first fatty acid produced by lipogenesis. It is a negative regulator of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and is implicated in fatty acid-induced insulin resistance.