Description_x000D_ Biochem/physiol Actions_x000D_ PIAA is an inhibitor of TANK binding kinase 1 (TBK1) and IKB kinase epsilon (IKKε) that has been shown to promote regeneration of pancreatic β-cells. PIAA improved function and replication of mammalian β-cells including primary human β-cells and induced β-cell proliferation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice resulting in increased pancreas insulin content and improved glycemic control. PIAA exhibited an IC50 value of 400 nM for TBK1 and 1.07 μM for IKKε with minimum toxicity