Description_x000D_ Application_x000D_ The Superoxide Anion assay kit provides a useful qualitative cell-based assay for the measurement of O2− anion status in cells. The kit can be used to test changes in superoxide anion levels following oxidative stress directly in whole cells. In addition, the kit can be also used for the detection of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. This activity was tested on erythrocytes, leucocytes, and plasma._x000D_ Biochem/physiol Actions_x000D_ The superoxide anion (O2-) is a short-lived radical generated by the addition of an electron to oxygen. It is formed in response to environmental factors such as UV light, cigarette smoke, environmental pollutants, and γ-radiation, or by oxidases like xanthine oxidase or NADPH oxidase. Once formed, O2- attacks cellular components causing damage to lipids, proteins, and DNA. This can initiate numerous diseases, including cancer, atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, liver damage, and central nervous system disorders._x000D_ Analysis Note_x000D_ The kit method is based on the oxidation of luminol by superoxide anions resulting in the formation of chemiluminescence light. This method utilizes a specific, non-toxic enhancer that amplifies the chemiluminescent signal.