Description_x000D_ General description_x000D_ Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα or TNFSF2) is encoded by the gene mapped to human chromosome 6p21.33._x000D_ Biochem/physiol Actions_x000D_ Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα or TNFSF2) is produced by many different cell types including activated monocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, macrophages, T-cells, B-lymphocytes, granulocytes, smooth muscle cells, eosinophilis, chondrocytes and other cell types. It functions as a cytokine involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, lipid metabolism and coagulation. High level of TNFα leads to the development of inflammatory responses that are hallmarks of many diseases including autoimmune diseases, insulin resistance and cancer. The active form of TNFα (18 kDa) is generated by the cleavage of an Ala-Val bond between residues 76-77 of the precursor protein._x000D_ Physical form_x000D_ Clear and colorless frozen liquid solution_x000D_ Preparation Note_x000D_ Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. While working, please keep sample on ice.